IEP vs. 504 Plan: What's the Difference?

An IEP provides specialized instruction and related services under IDEA. A 504 plan provides accommodations so a student can access the regular classroom under Section 504. Which one fits depends on whether your child needs specialized instruction.

Both plans can support a student with a disability, and both are free. An IEP usually includes goals, progress monitoring, and services such as reading support, speech therapy, or counseling. A 504 plan usually lists accommodations, such as extra time, preferential seating, or a quiet space for tests. Eligibility rules also differ, and some students move between the two plans over time.

If your child needs specialized teaching to make progress, an IEP may be the right fit. If your child can learn in the regular classroom with adjustments, a 504 plan may be enough. Ask the team to explain how they reached their recommendation and which evaluations support it. You can request an evaluation at any time if you believe your child needs more support.

A student with a reading disability who needs daily small group instruction is often served by an IEP. A student with a health condition who needs water breaks and extra time on tests is often served by a 504 plan.